
Paul Howe is a hospital CEO. It may be fair to say that he is the only hospital CEO anywhere who graduated from law school this year. Instead of going to work for a big law firm after getting his degree from Washington and Lee, Howe headed to Gimbie Adventist Hospital in Ethiopia. He is 25.
Question: Did you ever think you would be CEO of a 71-bed hospital in Ethiopia? What led to you getting the position?
Answer: I like having options and I never plan too far ahead. God leads me one step at a time.
I take the opportunities that I think will open the most doors.
My grandfather started Brooke Grove Foundation, a nursing home assisted living corporation in Silver Spring, Maryland, and I often considered working there, so healthcare administration was always somewhere in the back of my mind.
My dad is an Internist. Our family spent three months in Nepal in 1998 manning a remote clinic. I installed solar panels and lighting systems.
Royal forces controlled our area by day and communists controlled it at night. I got to watch my dad negotiate with both sides. I wasn’t that interested in the medical side of things, but I was fascinated by the political and employment angles. These interests eventually led me to law school, where I focused on negotiation and mediation.
I married Petra Houmann in 2007 after my second year of law school. She comes from a long line of medical missionaries. Petra’s grandfather was Haile Selassie’s personal physician and her dad grew up in Ethiopia. She and her family were in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide and later served as missionaries in Malawi.
I spent the summer after we got married at a large law firm. I felt like I was selling my soul. Petra encouraged me to explore non-legal job options.
Dick Hart (Loma Linda University and Adventist Health International president) was a former neighbor and family friend. I heard he needed someone in Afghanistan so I called him up. Afghanistan wasn’t an option, but Dick offered me the job at Gimbie in Ethiopia and I took it.
Question: How long have you been at the hospital and how long do you intend to stay? What does Petra do at the hospital?
Answer: We have been here about two months. We agreed to stay for two years, but I am open to staying for longer. We’ll see. I really enjoy this job.
Petra serves as volunteer coordinator for the hospital and associated clinics.
I manage seven clinics and a nursing school in addition to the hospital and am country director for Adventist Health International.
Question: Does Gimbie have Adventist staff? Adventist patients?
Answer: Gimbie Adventist Hospital is owned by the Union and is managed by Adventist Health International, a Loma Linda-based nonprofit. About two-thirds of the staff are Adventists. Most of the patients are not.
We partner with a number of other organizations worldwide and a group of local Catholic nuns.
Question: What are the doctors and nurses that you work with like?
Answer: Most of the doctors and nurses are Ethiopians. The hospital is very remote and many of them would rather work in the city.
Our hospital is known for training staff, so they often come here straight out of school and leave as soon as they get experience.
However, we do have a number of long-standing employees—folks who have been here for 20+ years and are committed to staying, come hell or high water. These people form the backbone of the hospital. They are highly skilled and could get better paying jobs elsewhere, but they value SDA medical mission work and decided to focus on building up treasure in heaven.
We have some expat volunteer nurses and MDs, usually short term volunteers.
We are currently experiencing a critical staffing shortage. About 75% of Ethiopian MDs and nurses work outside of Ethiopia. The remaining 25% are disappearing like butter in a fire. Those who choose to stay demand impossibly high salaries.
Traditional wisdom suggests that Ethiopians should stay to help their country. However, most Ethiopian medical professionals were educated with family funds. Once they graduate they are expected to support a large extended family. This is obviously easier to do from the US than from Ethiopia. The brain drain is crippling.
I think it is time for the developed nations to help Africa by sending human resources, not cash. We live in a globalized world and can’t expect Africans to stay put. I think healthcare quality will regress without outside help.
Question: What kind of patients does the hospital treat?
Answer: A wide variety. Some things we treat include TB, typhoid, hookworm, HIV, malnutrition and dehydration, syphilis, pneumonia, and wounds and trauma.
Question: What are the main challenges the hospital faces?
Answer: Lack of funds. Between the international economic downturn and the national famine, Ethiopia is really struggling. There has been a large spike in prices for food, fuel, and building materials. Inflation is
rising rapidly.
Lack of qualified staff is another challenge. Many educated Ethiopians immigrate to the US or other developed countries.
There is a General Conference budget for an expat surgeon. I
am currently recruiting for this position. We could also use nurses and midwives. Volunteers of all kinds are always welcome.
Lack of equipment is also a challenge. We need to ship in some critical equipment.
Question: Can you take us through a typical day for you?
Answer: I wrote a detailed account of a typical day on my blog at http://gimbieadventisthospital.blog.co.uk.
It starts with:
2:30 a.m. Wake up and find water is on for the first time in three days. Take a shower and fill every bucket in the house. Go back to sleep.
Question: Where do you live?
Answer: We live in a spacious house built by the Italians around 1935. It is falling apart from lack of maintenance. The house is on the hospital grounds, next to the morgue.
The hospital is at about 6,800 feet, so the weather is much more temperate than in other parts of the country. We are not far from the Sudanese border.
Question: You don't have a medical background. Is that a problem? What are the main skills you need in your position?
Answer: I do not have medical training, but I grew up in a medical family and am familiar with medical issues.
There are some days when I wish I could help out with emergency C sections and such, but I have enough to do without being personally involved in providing medical care.
I spend most of my time negotiating. This involves agreements with other NGOs, government bodies, employees, potential employees, former employees, church leaders, etc. I have always enjoyed working with difficult people and resolving thorny issues. My law school training is invaluable in this regard.
Ethiopia has a number of distinct people groups and at any one time we are likely to have representatives of at least five other countries.
Thus much of my work involves intercultural communication. I have traveled to about 30 countries so I have some experience in this area.
Petra is probably a better intercultural communicator than I am (she speaks five languages) and she helps me a great deal.
Question: Give us a little background on yourself and on your education and experience.
Answer: I homeschooled until college. This gave me time to tour with the New England Youth Ensemble, serve as crew for international yacht deliveries, and do a ton of backpacking and whitewater canoeing. I was also involved in fundraising and construction of an AIDS orphanage in Zimbabwe.
At Columbia Union College I majored in history. I think I took every course that Doug Morgan and Roy Branson offered. The New England Youth Ensemble was a regular part of life, although I spent more time managing than playing viola. I also worked with James Standish, the SDA point man on Capital Hill.
I took the LSAT during the summer of my junior year. Washington and Lee offered me a good scholarship and I jumped at the chance to get a graduate degree debt-free. I still wasn’t sure about being a lawyer, but I figured a JD was versatile enough that I could do just about anything when I graduated. I finished law school this year.
Question: What do you intend to do after you leave Ethiopia?
Answer: I have lots of options. I enjoy healthcare administration and I might build a career in that line.
My wife would be happy if we spent the rest of our lives abroad. I passed the Foreign Service exam, so I could work for the State Department.
Several law firms would like me to work for them after I finish here.
And I have always wanted to get a PhD in some branch of
theology.
Question: Ethiopia has been back in the news recently, with stories of further starvation and famine. Have you seen evidence of that where you are?
Answer: The famine is mostly south of us, but food is prices have risen dramatically. Many of our staff are barely getting by. If the famine gets much worse we will be hit hard.
The political situation is unstable but not violent.
Question: What do you miss about home?
The ocean, rivers, and lakes. I’m a sailor and I love fresh water swimming. Geography and disease put many of my favorite activities off-limits. I am sure that I will miss snow.
Ethiopian food is excellent. I can’t say I’ve missed home cooking.
Question: What have you seen about the way the Adventist church works in the developing world? What is the church doing right, in your opinion? What could it do better?
Answer: The SDA church in Ethiopia is doing a good job of soul winning. Church books are filling up. Unfortunately, membership does not necessarily equal change of heart.
In the US, squabbles over church employment are a matter of status. Here they may mean the difference between plenty and starvation. Not surprisingly, Ethiopia’s church politics are sometimes raw and bitter. Ethiopian SDAs aren’t more grasping than their US or UK counterparts, but they don’t have the financial padding which provides civility in the first world.
The focus on soul winning sometimes means that community involvement takes a distant second. Prior administrators have had conflicts with the local SDA church. I think that this is partly because the hospital did not express any interest in soul winning.
In my view, solving people’s physical needs is laudable, but neglecting their spiritual needs in the healthcare setting is as foolish as bandaging a paper cut while sitting on a ticking time bomb.
So far, I have involved the hospital in spiritual activities. The church has responded by providing physical help. I preach and help with the choir. The church gives us free labor. They gave us a free building when one of our clinics burned down.
Basically, the developing world needs help. First world Adventism is splintered. Unity of action is limited to nonexistent. This may be the best way to meet the diverse spiritual needs of the first world.
However, the third world doesn’t have such luxury. Unity of action is the only way to meet Ethiopia’s vast physical and spiritual needs. The church in Ethiopia needs to pull together. Unity should be more of a priority.
Question: What are the major things you have learned in your time there so far?
Answer: Ethiopian culture is rich and deep. I have learned to navigate its basic tenets, but true understanding would take a lifetime.
I have learned that Ethiopia’s needs are far more desperate and gripping than anything I saw on the news. Many people feel that development is moving in reverse.
Being CEO of Gimbie Hospital often feels like living under the sword of Damocles. I am learning to deal with huge amounts of stress.
Keep up with Paul Howe's adventures via his blog at http://gimbieadventisthospital.blog.co.uk.
Comments
Terrific interview.
Between this and James Appel in Tchad, it appears as though Adventist Health International knows how to pick 'em.
Thanks, Paul and Alita, for a great interview. I can see a new genre developing of young Western Adventists--Nathan Blake, Paul Howe, James Appel etc--who are subverting the expectations of climbing corporate and financial ladders. Instead, with their Loma Linda MDs and their Yale and Washington and Lee law degrees tucked away in their pockets out of sight they're modeling service, and passion for causes bigger than the almighty dollar. More power to them.
Thanks for the inspiring interview. Well done, Paul, and God bless.
It is wonderful when people serve those in need and contribute to improve the lot of others. I did my internship at Washington Adventist Hospital and during my residency worked nights at the small hospital in Hyattsville directed by Dr. Carl Houmann. I was ready to go to the Adventist hospital in Addis Ababa, then to the Adventist Hospital in Karachi, and to the Christian Medical College in Vellore, India, but every time, after having volunteered, the Health Dept. of the GC decided that they needed a clinician more than a pathologist, something I can perfectly understand.
I am no longer an Adventist, although I consider myself a spiritual person. Even so I found many opportunities to be o service to my fellow humans. I developing laboratory accreditation criteria for Brazil an set up the first laboratory accreditation program there, which this year commemorated its tenth year, at which time the Brazilian Clinical Pathology Society honored by with the generous title of "The Father of Laboratory Accreditation in Brazil".
I have also been very active in Rotary, a great humanitarian organization that contributed enormously towards the reduction of polio in the world, to mention just a few projects.
Because I had a very negative and shocking experience with a sudden termination of my contract as Chief of Pathology at Hinsdale Hospital, I reevaluated my relationship with God and concluded, rather late, that He is the God of all humanity, thus much larger than the Adventist organization and its peculiar interpretation of the Bible.
In my present spiritual Weltanschaung I can reconcile much better with my conscience and intellect the knowledge of science, history and other fields than through the narrow angle eyepieces of the SDA doctrine and organization. I have never regretted this evolution in my position, but I would not try to foist it upon anyone else. Everyone needs to find his own point of equilibrium in personal spirituality.
Erlo Roth, MD
Fascinating interview! I am proud to know and love both Alita Byrd and Paul Howe. I too am interested to see what my generation will do with their positions of leadership while serving the worldwide church. As young people like Paul rise to prominence, I have high hopes for the directions we might go.
Thanks for the fine interview.
Long ago I was a student missionary in Gimbie (1969, teaching in Dongoro. Ethiopia has been in my heart ever since.
Thanks to my experience in Gimbie and, in part, the mentorship of Gladys Martin, a very special long-time missionary to Ethiopia, I chose a career in public health/community health education.
The needs faced in Gimbie are difficult, I observed, but the challenges of "development" and the need "wholeness" seem to be uniformly problems, worldwide. Here on the Oregon Coast issues of alcoholism, methamphetamine, tobacco, poverty, mental health, obtain.
The needs are just different than in Gimbie, Debra Tabor, or Addis.
It pleases me to read about how the Gimbie team is still working hard to fulfill the healing and peace-making mission of Seventh-day Adventists and friends.
As a comment above noted, we need thousands of young Seventh-day Adventists who "who are subverting the expectations of climbing corporate and financial ladders" to go out into the world to help facilitate peace and healing in the world.
Jim
James R. Becraft, M.P.H.
Community Health Educator
Tillamook, Oregon
What is AHI's relationship with the Health Dept staff of the GC and their Health department counterparts in each of the division where AHI functions. Is there a line of direct, formal communication between them? Or, do they work independently of each other?
Also, is there not an overall accrediting agency at the GC that serves all our mission hospitals so we may have an idea where each facility stands in overall management/administrative effectiveness and quality of care?
Hope someone can answer these questions.
Thanks for sharing from your heart your first two months at Gimbie Hospital. I too am a graduate from CUC and went straight into mission service and found similar satisfaction. Now retired from denominational employment but the new president of Adventist Frontier Missions my interest is once again directed to missions and I am happy to say that we are in the process of working with Dr. Dick Hart and Adventist Health International to develop a joint project in West Africa. Only time will tell the results.
Again, thanks for sharing the inspiriation of what a Christian education will do to help make a difference in the world.
Dale J. Bidwell, President
Adventist Frontier Missions
The overwhelming debt accrued by most professional graduates would prevent them from doing missionary work. By the time those obligations are finished, there are likely to be children with educational needs unavailable in remote mission districts.
I applaud what he is doing. Wouldn't it be a wonderful gesture if the very highly paid CEOs of SDA hospitals here in the U.S. could help to subsidize such missionary hospital endeavors? Their salaries are often higher than their secular counterparts and surely, they could afford to donate some for those who doing such sacrificial work of the same caliber.
Appreciated in knowing that our mission goes on to help those in need. You have a real focus in life and know what God wants you to do. So may of us are still searching for our own missions. God Bless you and your staff as you serve Him. You will see the Glory of the Lord every day! In His Service, Stargazer
Notwithstanding corporate expectations, as if climbing the church organizational ladder of a multilayered bureacracy such as ours matters not, do we apply a more or less stringent criteria in selecting a chief mission administrator in a developing country compared to the requirements for a CEO of a medium-size healthcare system or chain of small facilities in Los Angeles, London or Sydney?
While a profusion of praise is in order and welcome, hope we don't go overboard by not also offering some constructive observations for the sake of a reality check. About this 25-year old, straight-from-law-school CEO of a 71-bed mission outpost hospital plus several outlaying small clinics, won't a fresh M.Div, MPH, or MBA graduate do just as well in comparison? There's a downside and upside to being fresh and green, as some of you already know. We've been there and done that, too, right?
A US-based Filipino Adventist dentist first introduced me to Aunie and Marc Scalzi, and their two young children, when they arrived in the Philippines as AFM missionaries in 1987.
http://www.afmonline.org/about/timeline/1987.php
Since they had planned to establish temporary residence, for the next 6 years, in the same general area where I was already actively involved in volunteer community development work among mountain tribal minorities (near and around the Banawe Rice Terraces) with a Protestant missionary couple from Oregon, it was a blessing for me to be able to visit from time to time and serve alongside this first-time AFM missionaries in a supportive volunteer role as well.
Like anything else, medical knowledge today has become global. It's no longer possible to keep healthcare professsionals from acquiring the exact same scientific information that those who live thousands of miles away in the most developed countries possess. Needless to say, this common intellectual and social environment raises similar expectations. Professional colleagues ask the same question: what the standard ought to be and how best may healthcare be delivered no matter where one lives. This leads to my point in the form of the question I asked in the beginning regarding accreditation of Adventist mission healthcare facilities, no matter who owns them and what agencies/organizations have assumed the responsibility to administer the same. In my book, the same criteria should apply, so that what's understood to be Level I for one country, for example, ought to be the same Level I in another. A clearer picture of the different levels each institution have achieved may well serve as a helpful guide for young CEO's, where to start and what direction they are expected to take the institution they've been put in charge. Presently, at what Level is Gimbie Adventist Hospital?
I've been searching my memory of a chance meeting and brief conversation with a CUC student who seemed to fill the exact same description of the subject of this interview. This was in 2004, when my wife and I were visiting from LA, to witness our son's graduation. A family friend who worked in the GC had invited us for an informal reception in their home following the morning Commencement service at the school where, I believe, Paul and I met. My other recollection of the event was the joy of meeting veteran medical missionary, Dr. Wadi Farag. Accounting for even the modest growth in the secular healthcare sector of developing countries, Dr Farag's own assessment of the state of Adventist healthcare delivery in the Middel East and Africa should give pause to those who might still remember when Adventists seemed to enjoy a reputation of being at the forefront of development and medical progress there.
http://www.keele.ac.uk/depts/ms/news/Foundation_Report_Ethiopia.doc
The above link was posted by a British physician (medical student?) regarding her elective service spent in Gimbie. It's an honest and accurate description of what life is like in remote mission outposts. If anything, the duties of a CEO in a perennially resource-starved church institution like Gimbie is more daunting than anywhere else. Though as usual there's a bite in her remarks, let me second Elaine's recommendation for CEO's of our large, modern medical centers to partner with those we send out to the unknown.
I'm not a business or administrator type, and my professional training is far from having made me an expert on the subject. But I'd served in similar situations. Why we seem to have sanctified the tradition of building Adventist schools and hospitals in the most isolated jungle known to humans has been a question in my mind. Those who are not of our religious community don't labor under such inhibition.
http://www.yemagemedicalcenter.com/
http://link.brightcove.com/services/link/bcpid1529569059/bctid339013683
Healing my African countrymen
Immigrant builds hospital
I would like to thank Spectrum Magazine for offering to interview me. I accepted the interview in the hope that the people of Gimbie would benefit thereby. Their needs are truly desperate and I constantly search for ways to alleviate their pain. Christ’s ministry combined physical and spiritual healing. It is my purpose to follow this model.
Globalization has facilitated mass communication and information. Sadly, our senses are numb to the tragedies we see in the media. Somehow we think that the parable of the Good Samaritan and warnings of Matthew 25: 31-41 only apply to people in our subdivisions. In this age of global citizenship, I believe “neighbor” should apply to all those within our ability to help. According to 1 John 3:17 we lack God’s love if we pass by those in need. Sometimes I fear we trade our eternal destiny for the temporary convenience of giving our neighbors the blind eye.
In much of the world, there is a direct relationship between a person’s income and the quality of health care they receive. If Ethiopians had the same per capita income as Americans, Gimbie Adventist Hospital would look more like Loma Linda and I would never have gotten this job. Improvement often requires outside help. The viability of Gimbie Adventist Hospital and the quality of care it provides is dependant on you. Don’t let Gimbie down.
I note in passing that I am proud to count Dr. Farag as a dear friend and mentor. His grandson was my college roommate and Mr. Coo’s son Victor was one my close college friends.
Interestingly, SDA hospitals that truly operate in the deepest jungles usually thrive due to the lack of competition and the fact that donors are galvanized by such sexy projects. Finances at GAH had tightened as it struggles to provide accessible health care while its competitors require cash upfront.
I would like to encourage each reader to shake off the dangerous and soporific self centeredness that pervades the US and Europe. The world needs us to live like Christians.
There was an Adventist Swiss cardiologist/internist, Dr C. Peter Jaggi, and his wife Verona, I met in Blantyre, Malawi back in 1999. A CT-Scan donated by his colleagues in Zwitzerland was so equipped that it was possible to send images electronically, which Dr Jaggi often did, to radiologists in Zurich for final reading. I've since wondered when technology will advance far enough so that clear photo images of tissue slides can also be transmitted by similar means.
Joselito, I wonder, too, why electronic transmission of pathological slides cannot be sent just as radiological ones. This would be a tremendous boost, as there are now radiologists anywhere in the world who can diagnose for small town physicians who do not have access to the latest technology and specialists. Surely there must be such availability currently. Anyone?
Paul, thanks for including me in this impressive report. This will be a terrific learning experience for you and Alita. I understand your comment about Ethiopian food. The Blue Nile just opened in Harrisonburg and is one of my favorites.
If you decide to try your hand at the Foreign Service, this will be great training.
I'm co-chairing a committee to study the medical malpractice problem in VA and recommend reform, especially, disclosure of medical error and early dispute resolution processes. Wish you were here to consult!
I'm also teaching again this fall - start in less than two weeks!
All the best
Larry Hoover
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